Mönkkönen, P. and Pai, P. and Maynard, A. and Lehtinen, K. E. J. and Hämeri, K. and Rechkemmer, P. and Ramachandran, G. and Prasad, B. and Kulmala, M. (2005) Fine particle number and mass concentration measurements in urban Indian households. Science of The Total Environment, 347 (1). 131 - 147. ISSN 1879-1026
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Fine particle number concentration (Dp>10 nm, cm−3), mass concentrations (approximation of PM2.5, μg m−3) and indoor/outdoor number concentration ratio (I/O) measurements have been conducted for the first time in 11 urban households in India, 2002. The results indicate remarkable high indoor number and mass concentrations and I/O number concentration ratios caused by cooking. Besides cooking stoves that used liquefied petroleum gas (LPG) or kerosene as the main fuel, high indoor concentrations can be explained by poor ventilation systems. Particle number concentrations of more than 300,000 cm−3 and mass concentrations of more than 1000 μg m−3 were detected in some cases. When the number and mass concentrations during cooking times were statistically compared, a correlation coefficient r>0.50 was observed in 63 of the households. Some households used other fuels like wood and dung cakes along with the main fuel, but also other living activities influenced the concentrations. In some areas, outdoor combustion processes had a negative impact on indoor air quality. The maximum concentrations observed in most cases were due to indoor combustion sources. Reduction of exposure risk and health effects caused by poor indoor air in urban Indian households is possible by improving indoor ventilation and reducing penetration of outdoor particles.
| Item Type: | Article |
|---|---|
| Uncontrolled Keywords: | Number concentration, Mass concentration, Urban aerosols, Indoor aerosols, India |
| Depositing User: | Manjula P Library Assistant |
| Date Deposited: | 05 Sep 2019 08:18 |
| Last Modified: | 05 Sep 2019 08:18 |
| URI: | http://eprints.uni-mysore.ac.in/id/eprint/7633 |
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