Detection, distribution, and genetic diversity of Australian grapevine viroid in grapevines in India

Adkar-Purushothama, C. R. and Kanchepalli, P. R. and Yanjarappa, S. M. and Zhang, Z. and Sano, T. (2014) Detection, distribution, and genetic diversity of Australian grapevine viroid in grapevines in India. Virus Genes, 49 (2). pp. 304-311. ISSN 1572-994X

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Abstract

Australian grapevine viroid (AGVd) is a viroid specific to grapevine with the least records in the world till date. Here, we report for the first time the presence of AGVd in grapevines in Indian sub-continent. The overall infection rate of AGVd in major grapevine producing areas in India was 9.3 %, which is conspicuously higher than the other regions of the world except for Tunisia and Iran. To understand the AGVd diversity in India, the genetic divergence was examined based on the disparity in the cultivars and the locations. Nucleotide sequence analysis revealed the existence of five major AGVd variants in India besides other 44 minor variants implying the "quasi-species" nature. Further, sequence alignment of all the Indian AGVd variants along with Australian type species underscored the presence of eleven mutation points which are archetypal for Indian AGVd, irrespective of the region, and cultivar of grapevines. Plotting of Indian AGVd sequence variants against Australian type species unveiled that all these eleven mutations are distributed on upper and lower left terminal and pathogenicity regions of the molecule. Phylogenetic analysis divulged all the major Indian AGVd variants formed two distinct clusters, suggesting the two separate evolutionary lineages of AGVd in Indian viticulture. © 2014 Springer Science+Business Media New York.

Item Type:	Article
Uncontrolled Keywords:	Article, controlled study, nonhuman, classification, DNA, DNA sequence, genetics, Sequence Analysis, nucleotide sequence, prevalence, India, Prevalence, genetic variability, Genetic Variation, phylogeny, Phylogeny, isolation and purification, gene mutation, mutation, Mutation, virology, genotype, Genotype, sequence alignment, Sequence Alignment, Molecular Sequence Data, cultivar, molecular genetics, Viroids, grape, Australian grapevine viroid, cluster analysis, Cluster Analysis, species distribution, viroid, viroidal plant disease, virus detection, virus virulence, Vitis
Subjects:	B Life Science > Microbiology
Divisions:	Department of > Microbiology
Depositing User:	Arshiya Kousar Library Assistant
Date Deposited:	11 Jun 2019 11:50
Last Modified:	11 Jul 2022 06:59
URI:	http://eprints.uni-mysore.ac.in/id/eprint/2934

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