Items where Division is "Department of > Botany" and Year is 2024

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S., Basavarajappa and H.A., Lanchana and Rajkumar H., Garampalli, (2024) GC-MS profiling and efficacy of Crotalaria ramosissima Roxb. leaf extracts in controlling termite, Odontotermes obesusH. A. LANCHANA1, S. BASAVARAJAPPA2 and RAJKUMAR H. GARAMPALLI1*1Department of Studies in Botany, University of Mysore, Manasagangotri, Mysore – 570006, Karnataka, India2Department of Studies in Zoology, University of Mysore,Manasagangotri, Mysore – 570006, Karnataka, India*Corresponding author E-mail: rajkumarhg@gmail.comINTRODUCTIONSome aromatic plants and their extracts have been used to control pests since ancient times and from historical sources it is evident that, in Europe and other countries aromatic plants are used particularly in grain storage rooms during post-harvest time (Pavela, 2016). Plant extracts are used for many beneficial activities and pest control is one of them. Plants and insects co-evolved with different survival strategies, resulting in the development of an elegant defence mechanism in which active metabolites are released in response to herbivores from specific structures which are toxic, repellent, or anti-nutritional to some animals and humans (Rani & Jyothsna 2010). Plant volatile compounds are used specifically for insecticidal purposes (Hare, 2011). Plant metabolites such as alkaloids, phenolics, terpenoids, tannins, saponins, proteinase inhibitors and oxidative enzymes, affect growth and have synergistic effects in the digestion and metabolism of insects (Hanleyet al., 2007). Phytohormones such as jasmonic acid, salicylic acid, and ethylene are known to induce disease resistance in plants by blocking neurotransmitter channels in insects and retard their growth (Duffey & Stout, 1996).Around 93 species of the Crotalaria genus are distributed in India (Subramaniam & Pandey 2014), which is primarily used for hemp, fibre, green manure, animal feed (forage) and also as ethnomedicine for skin diseases (Tirkey,2006). Pyrrolizidine alkaloids (PAs) found in the Crotalaria genus plant roots, leaves, flowers, fruits, and seed have been identified as a source of contaminants in food and beverages causing hepatotoxicity in animals and central nervous system problems in humans (Pearson, 2001). C. ramosissima is found only in the Indian Peninsula region and distributed in open, dry deciduous forests; it does not occur in the Western Ghats (Subramaniam & Pandey, 2014; Subramaniam et al., 2015; Thomas et al., 2012). Village people use it for foraging and as pest control in grain storage rooms. C. ramosissima flowers are already reported for flavanone, crotaramosmin, trimethoxychalcone, and essential oil major component like sesquiterpenes. However, their biological activities are not known (Khalilullah et al., 1992; Rao & Narukulla, 2007).494. Journal of Biological Control, 38 (4). pp. 494-503. ISSN 0971930X